Below the line
activities include all other promotional activities except advertising i.e.
Sales promotion
It includes activities like
- price reduction,
- giving out free gifts with every purchase,
- organising competitions,
- point of sale display,
- demonstrations,
- after-sales service,
- giving out free samples
Sponsorships
It includes sponsoring sports events or cultural shows or fashion shows
Public relations
Organizing press conferences in giving out information about new products or carrying out some social service activity.
Personal selling
where a representative from the company influences the customers to buy the product. It is common for products which are expensive or custom designed. Sales person at a car showroom is a typical example of personal selling.