Organisation and management
- Cambridge IGCSE
- Business Studies
Speaker notes: Introduce the topic of organisation and management in businesses.
Learning Objectives
- Draw and interpret organisational charts
- Understand the role of management
- Identify different leadership styles
- Explain the role of trade unions
Speaker notes: Outline what students will learn about organisational structures, management functions, leadership styles, and trade unions.
Starter: Organisational Structure
- How do different organisational structures affect communication and decision-making?
Speaker notes: Encourage students to think about how the structure of a business can influence its operations and management.
Organisational Charts
- Show hierarchy and reporting relationships
- Include directors, managers, supervisors, and employees
- Indicate span of control and chain of command
Speaker notes: Explain how organisational charts visually represent the structure of a business and the relationships between different roles.
Roles and Responsibilities
- Directors set strategic goals
- Managers plan and coordinate
- Supervisors oversee day-to-day tasks
- Employees carry out specific jobs
Speaker notes: Discuss the different roles within an organisation and their responsibilities, highlighting the interrelationships between them.
Functions of Management
- Planning: Setting goals and strategies
- Organising: Allocating resources and tasks
- Coordinating: Ensuring departments work together
- Commanding: Directing and motivating employees
- Controlling: Monitoring performance and making adjustments
Speaker notes: Explain the key functions of management and their importance in achieving business objectives.
Delegation
- Delegation involves assigning tasks to others
- Trust is essential for effective delegation
- Control ensures tasks are completed correctly
- Balance between trust and control is crucial
Speaker notes: Discuss the importance of delegation in management and the balance between trust and control.
Leadership Styles
- Autocratic: Leader makes decisions alone
- Democratic: Leader involves employees in decision-making
- Laissez-faire: Leader provides minimal guidance
Speaker notes: Explain the different leadership styles and their characteristics.
Choosing a Leadership Style
- Consider the situation and the team
- Autocratic for quick decisions
- Democratic for employee engagement
- Laissez-faire for experienced teams
Speaker notes: Discuss how to choose an appropriate leadership style based on the situation and the team's needs.
Trade Unions
- Represent employees' interests
- Negotiate wages and conditions
- Provide support and protection
- Can influence business decisions
Speaker notes: Explain the role of trade unions in representing employees and their impact on businesses.
Worked Example: Organisational Chart
- A company has a CEO, three managers, and ten employees
- CEO oversees the three managers
- Each manager oversees a team of employees
- Draw the organisational chart to show the hierarchy
Speaker notes: Walk through the process of drawing an organisational chart based on a simple scenario.
Common Mistakes and Exam Tips
- Ensure all levels of hierarchy are included
- Label each role clearly
- Show the chain of command accurately
- Practice drawing charts from different scenarios
Speaker notes: Highlight common mistakes students make when drawing organisational charts and provide tips for the exam.
Key Terms
- Organisational chart: Visual representation of a business's structure
- Hierarchy: Levels of authority within an organisation
- Span of control: Number of subordinates a manager oversees
- Chain of command: Line of authority and communication
Speaker notes: Define key terms related to organisational structures and management.
Plenary: Quick Check
- What is the purpose of an organisational chart?
- Name three functions of management
- What are the main leadership styles?
- How do trade unions benefit employees?
Speaker notes: Ask students to recall key points from the lesson to assess their understanding.
Plenary: Summary
- Businesses use organisational charts to show structure and roles
Speaker notes: Summarise the key points of the lesson in one sentence.